What are Lighting Capacitors and What Are there Uses?

Before we delve further into what a lighting capacitor is, let's first understand what a capacitor is and how it works.

The idea of ​​capacitors and their functions is intimidating to understand, but it is not exaggerated. Capacitors are used to temporarily store electrical charges and release the stored charge very quickly (often within seconds). Why is this information you may ask? Capacitors are an integral part of running the electrical equipment and machinery we depend on. Whether it's Dr. Emmett "Doc" Brown's fictional DeLorean flow condenser or the storm cloud above us, it's very likely that we've seen the concept of a condenser in some way.

How do capacitors work? 

Capacitors come in a variety of shapes and sizes, but they usually contain the same basic components, including two conductors (called plates) separated by a non-conductive insulator (called an insulator). These two plates inside the capacitor are connected by two electrical connections (two or three connections connected to electrical circuits) called terminals. When the capacitors are properly connected and turned on, the board will gradually build up charges. This is called charging. When a voltage is applied, it cannot penetrate the insulator, and new electrons collect on one plate to generate a positive charge, while the other plate repels the electrons to generate a negative charge. Then, this insulator in the center of the two charged plates stores energy. Capacitors retain their charge when the power is cut off, but the charge slowly leaks out over time. This is called discharge.

Lighting Capacitor

A device that acts as a lighting capacitor, a very small battery in the circuit. Core capacitors consist of two metal plates separated by a thin insulating plate called an insulator. When a voltage is applied across the capacitor, a small amount of electricity is stored in the metal plate. When the voltage drops, the capacitor discharges the stored electricity. Capacitors are among the most useful electronic components and are used in everything from computer memory to car ignition.

Before we understand how lighting capacitors work with fluorescent lighting, we need to know a few things about the lighting itself. It is difficult to control fluorescent lamps. It has electrodes on both ends and works by sending an electric current through the gas between those electrodes. When the lights are first lit, the gas is electrically resistant. However, when electricity begins to flow, the resistance drops sharply and the current flows faster and faster. If nothing is done to control the speed of the current, so much electricity will flow that the gas temperature will rise and the light bulb will explode.

The ballast controls the current through the valve, and the capacitor makes the ballast more efficient. The simplest ballast is a wire coil. When electricity flows into the coil, a magnetic field is created. The field resists the flow of electricity and prevents its build-up. The electricity that powers fluorescent lamps is alternating current or alternating current. That is, it switches directions several times per second. When electricity circulates, the moving magnetic field in the coil slows it down. When the electricity begins to increase, it is already turning around again. The coil is always one step ahead and does not allow much current to flow.

However, the file is expensive. Electricity has two measurements, voltage and current. Also called electric current. Voltage is a measure of how much electricity is being pushed, and ampere is a measure of the amount of electricity flowing through a circuit. In an effective AC circuit, the voltage and current are in phase - they both increase and decrease. However, when voltage is pushed to the ballast, the ballast initially resists the increase in current. This causes the current to lag behind the voltage and renders the circuit ineffective. Capacitors are there to make the circuit more efficient by bringing the two back into phase.

When the voltage rises, the capacitor absorbs it a little. This means that there is a slight delay before the voltage passes through the circuit and is back in phase with the current. When the voltage drops again, the capacitor expels a small amount of the accumulated voltage. This causes a small delay before the voltage drops and coincides with the current again. The role of ballast is unattractive, but important. If the circuit is not calculated correctly, a lot of energy may be wasted.

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